So this is the basic explanation of how charcoal is made from a biomass material such as wood. Technically, charcoal is produced from biomass when it undergoes a process known as pyrolysis.
Carbonization processes(Máquina De Carbonización Montado Sobre Patines) to produce charcoal will involve heating the biomass to a temperature of between 300 and 400 degrees Celsius in a closed environment that is free from oxygen or air. The process of pyrolysis is also done at a much higher temperature, yet this is typically used for other materials like plastics.
Even though more evolved and sophisticated systems are starting to emerge in certain countries around the world, pyrolysis in many other countries is still conducted in a somewhat rudimentary (which some would even call crude) manner. This involves stacking the biomass that is going to be converted into charcoal into a pile. From here, several mechanisms are used which involve completely covering the biomass. The biomass is typically covered with leafy biomass, followed by a final layer of mud.
From here, a fire will be lit from a very small opening, which will also get covered. The covered piles burn for around 3 to 7 days, and after this, the charcoal will be extracted from the interior. What occurs under these conditions is the absence of oxygen or air in these biomass materials is what creates the perfect condition for pyrolysis. This means that the biomass materials(hornos metálicos para hacer carbón) will not burn completely, but rather convert into charcoal along with bio-oil and certain organic gases.
Interestingly, in most cases, the organic gases and bio-oil will not be captured or collected, although these are valuable and useful as fuels. The charcoal produced from biomass is also called bio-charcoal or bio-coal. It has a very high “calorific value” which equals high-quality coal and is also much higher when compared to the biomass that it came from. It is useful in several types of heating conditions or environments.
Another use for these charcoal products is how it used for producing activated carbon. This is a common material used within the filtration sector.
Machines Used To Make Biomass Charcoal
Biomass materials typically include agricultural waste and forest waste. Materials such as bamboo, coconut shells, waste wood, rice husks, and more are easy to carbonize directly into charcoal(https://www.bestoneco.com/bst-50-planta-de-carbonizacion-en-turkey/).
Here are the equipment and machines used to carbonize biomass into charcoal?
• Crusher
Rice husks and sawdust can be directly used to produce briquettes. But bigger size biomass such as wood, coconut shells, etc., first has to be crushed up into 3 to 5mm sizes. A crusher is usually included to process these materials.
• Drying Machine
When it comes to the production of biomass briquettes(beston eco grupo), the moisture in the raw materials must be under 12%. If the moisture content is higher, a dryer machine is needed to efficiently dry the materials. The dryers come in two main types, which include an airflow machine for smaller capacities, or rotary drum dryers for larger capacities.
• Carbonization Machine
Today, there are several carbonization furnace types used for converting biomass into charcoal.